Pico OLED 2.23
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Overview
Provide Pico C & Python demo.
Features
Item | Parameters |
Supply Voltage | 3.3V/5V |
Operating Current | 40mA |
Controller | SSD1305 |
Communication Interface | 4-wire SPI / I2C |
Resolution | 128 x 32 Pixels |
Pixel Size | 0.41 × 0.39(mm) |
Display Size | 55.02 × 13.1(mm) |
Outline Dimensions | 63.00 x26.00(mm) |
Pinout
LCD and the controller
The built-in controller used in this OLED is SSD1305, which has 132 × 64 bit SRAM, supports a maximum 132 × 64 pixels screen, and supports SPI/I2C/8bit 8080 parallel port. The solution of this screen is 128 × 32 pixels, so the internal SRAM is not fully used. This module uses four-wire SPI and I2C interfaces, with good compatibility and high transmission speed.
I2C Communication Protocol
- In I2C communication, a 7-bit slave address + 1-bit read/write bit is sent first, waiting for a response from the device.
- After the slave device responds, it then sends a control byte, which determines whether the bytes sent later are commands or data, and then waits for the slave device to respond.
- After the slave device answers again, if a command is sent, only one byte of the command is sent. If data is sent, only one byte can be sent, or multiple bytes of data can be sent in succession, depending on the situation.
SPI Communication Protocol
- As shown above, the data on SDIN is shifted into an 8-bit shift register on the rising edge of each SCLK in the order of MSB before LSB.
- The D/C# is sampled every 8th clock, and the data in the shift register is written to the Graphics Display Memory (GDDRAM) or Command Register at the same count clock.
- In serial mode, only write operations are allowed. Write operation procedure in 4-wireSPI mode.
Pico User Guide
Hardware connection
Please take care of the direction when you connect Pico, a USB port is printed to indicate. You can also check the pin of Pico and the OLED board when connecting.
You can connect the display according to the table.
OLED | Pico | Description |
VCC | VSYS | Power Input |
GND | GND | GND |
DIN | GP11 | MOSI pin of SPI, data transmitted from Master t Slave |
CLK | GP10 | SCK pin of SPI, clock pin |
CS | GP9 | Chip selection of SPI, low active |
DC | GP8 | Data/Command control pin (High:data; Low: command) |
RST | GP12 | Reset pin, low active |
SDA | GP6 | I2C data input |
SCL | GP7 | I2C clock input |
Connection (Directly)
Connection(with adapter board)
I2C
As the module adopts SPI by default, you must modify the backside resistor when connecting with an I2C device.
Setup environment
Please refer to Raspberry Pi's guide: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/pico/getting-started/
Download Demo codes
Open terminal and run the following command:
sudo apt-get install p7zip-full cd ~ sudo wget https://files.waveshare.com/upload/3/3d/Pico_OLED_code.7z 7z x Pico_OLED_code.7z -o./Pico_OLED_code cd ~/Pico_OLED_code cd c/build/
Run the Demo codes
This guide is based on Raspberry Pi.
C examples
Open a terminal and enter the directory of C codes:
cd ~/Pico_OLED_code/c/
Open main.c and select the corresponding module:
sudo nano main.c
If the display you use is Pico-OLED-2.23, you need to uncomment the line OLED_2in23_test(). Then press ctrl+c, then press Y and enter to save and exit as follows:
Create a build folder and add SDK:
For example, if the path of SDK is ../../pico-sdk
Then you should create a build and add the path like these:
#mkdir build cd build export PICO_SDK_PATH=../../pico-sdk #export PICO_SDK_PATH=/home/pi/pico/pico-sdk
Run cmake.. command to generate Makefile file.
cmake ..
Run make command to build.
make -j
When the compilation is complete, the uf2 file will be generated inside the build folder. Press and hold the button on the Pico board, connect the Pico to the USB port of the computer via the micro USB cable, and then release the button. Once connected, the computer will automatically recognize a removable disk (RPI-RP2) and copy the uf2 file to the recognized removable disk (RPI-RP2).
Python Example
1): Press and hold the button on the Pico board, connect the Pico to the USB port of your computer via the micro USB cable, and then release the button. After connecting, the computer will automatically recognize a removable disk (RPI-RP2) 2): Copy the pico_micropython_20210121.uf2 file from the python directory to the recognized removable disk (RPI-RP2) 3): Update Thonny IDE sudo apt upgrade thonny 4): Open Thonny IDE (click on Raspberry logo -> Programming -> Thonny Python IDE) Select Tools -> Options... -> Interpreter Select MicroPython (Raspberry Pi Pico and ttyACM0 port) 5): Open the python/Pico-OLED-2.23/Pico-OLED-2.23(spi).py file in the Thonny IDE Then just run the current script (small green triangle)
Codes Analysis
C
Bottom hardware interface
We package the hardware layer for easily porting to the different hardware platforms.
DEV_Config.c(.h) in the directory:...\c\lib\Config
- Data type:
#define UBYTE uint8_t #define UWORD uint16_t #define UDOUBLE uint32_t
- Module initialize and exit:
void DEV_Module_Init(void); void DEV_Module_Exit(void); Note: 1.The functions above are used to initialize the display or exit handle.
- GPIO write/read:
void DEV_Digital_Write(UWORD Pin, UBYTE Value); UBYTE DEV_Digital_Read(UWORD Pin);
- SPI transmit data
void DEV_SPI_WriteByte(UBYTE Value);
Application functions
We provide basic GUI functions for testing, like draw point, line, string and so on.
The GUI function can be found in directory:..\c\lib\GUI\GUI_Paint.c(.h).
The fonts used can be found in directory: RaspberryPi\c\lib\Fonts
- Create a new image, you can set the image name, width, height, rotate angle and color.
void Paint_NewImage(UWORD *image, UWORD Width, UWORD Height, UWORD Rotate, UWORD Color, UWORD Depth) Parameter: image : Name of the image buffer, this is a pointer; Width : Width of the image; Height: Height of the image; Rotate: Rotate angle of the Image; Color : The initial color of the image; Depth : Depth of the color
- Select image buffer: You can create multiple image buffers at the same time and select the certain one and drawing by this function.
void Paint_SelectImage(UBYTE *image) Parameter: image: The name of the image buffer, this is a pointer;
- Rotate image: You need to set the rotate angle of the image, this function should be used after Paint_SelectImage(). The angle can 0, 90, 180, 270
void Paint_SetRotate(UWORD Rotate) Parameter: Rotate: Rotate angle of the image, the parameter can be ROTATE_0, ROTATE_90, ROTATE_180, ROTATE_270.
- Image mirror: This function is used to set the image mirror.
void Paint_SetMirroring(UBYTE mirror) Parameter: mirror: Mirror type if the image, the parameter can be MIRROR_NONE、MIRROR_HORIZONTAL、MIRROR_VERTICAL、MIRROR_ORIGIN.
- Set the position and color of pixels: This is the basic function of GUI, it is used to set the position and color of a pixel in the buffer.
void Paint_SetPixel(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, UWORD Color) Parameter: Xpoint: The X-axis position of the point in the image buffer Ypoint: The Y-axis position of the point in the image buffer Color : The color of the point
- Color of the image: To set the color of the image, this function always be used to clear the display.
void Paint_Clear(UWORD Color) Parameter: Color: The color of the image
- Color of the windows: This function is used to set the color of windows, it is always used for updating partial areas like displaying a clock.
void Paint_ClearWindows(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, UWORD Xend, UWORD Yend, UWORD Color) Parameter: Xstart: X-axis position of the start point. Ystart: Y-axis position of the start point. Xend: X-axis position of the end point. Yend: Y-axis position of the end point Color: Color of the windows.
- Draw point: Draw a point at the position (Xpoint, Ypoint) of the image buffer, you can configure the color, size, and style.
void Paint_DrawPoint(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, UWORD Color, DOT_PIXEL Dot_Pixel, DOT_STYLE Dot_Style) Parameter: Xpoint: X-axis position of the point. Ypoint: Y-axis position of the point Color: Color of the point Dot_Pixel: Size of the point, 8 sizes are available. typedef enum { DOT_PIXEL_1X1 = 1, // 1 x 1 DOT_PIXEL_2X2 , // 2 X 2 DOT_PIXEL_3X3 , // 3 X 3 DOT_PIXEL_4X4 , // 4 X 4 DOT_PIXEL_5X5 , // 5 X 5 DOT_PIXEL_6X6 , // 6 X 6 DOT_PIXEL_7X7 , // 7 X 7 DOT_PIXEL_8X8 , // 8 X 8 } DOT_PIXEL; Dot_Style: Style of the point, it define the extednded mode of the point. typedef enum { DOT_FILL_AROUND = 1, DOT_FILL_RIGHTUP, } DOT_STYLE;
- Draw line: Draw a line from (Xstart, Ystart) to (Xend, Yend) in the image buffer, you can configure the color, width, and style.
void Paint_DrawLine(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, UWORD Xend, UWORD Yend, UWORD Color, LINE_STYLE Line_Style , LINE_STYLE Line_Style) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of the line Ystart: Ystart of the line Xend: Xend of the line Yend: Yend of the line Color: Color of the line Line_width: Width of the line, 8 sizes are available. typedef enum { DOT_PIXEL_1X1 = 1, // 1 x 1 DOT_PIXEL_2X2 , // 2 X 2 DOT_PIXEL_3X3 , // 3 X 3 DOT_PIXEL_4X4 , // 4 X 4 DOT_PIXEL_5X5 , // 5 X 5 DOT_PIXEL_6X6 , // 6 X 6 DOT_PIXEL_7X7 , // 7 X 7 DOT_PIXEL_8X8 , // 8 X 8 } DOT_PIXEL; Line_Style: Style of the line, Solid or Dotted. typedef enum { LINE_STYLE_SOLID = 0, LINE_STYLE_DOTTED, } LINE_STYLE;
- Draw a rectangle: Draw a rectangle from (Xstart, Ystart) to (Xend, Yend), you can configure the color, width, and style.
void Paint_DrawRectangle(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, UWORD Xend, UWORD Yend, UWORD Color, DOT_PIXEL Line_width, DRAW_FILL Draw_Fill) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of the rectangle. Ystart: Ystart of the rectangle. Xend: Xend of the rectangle. Yend: Yend of the rectangle. Color: Color of the rectangle Line_width: The width of the edges. 8 sizes are available. typedef enum { DOT_PIXEL_1X1 = 1, // 1 x 1 DOT_PIXEL_2X2 , // 2 X 2 DOT_PIXEL_3X3 , // 3 X 3 DOT_PIXEL_4X4 , // 4 X 4 DOT_PIXEL_5X5 , // 5 X 5 DOT_PIXEL_6X6 , // 6 X 6 DOT_PIXEL_7X7 , // 7 X 7 DOT_PIXEL_8X8 , // 8 X 8 } DOT_PIXEL; Draw_Fill: Style of the rectangle, empty or filled. typedef enum { DRAW_FILL_EMPTY = 0, DRAW_FILL_FULL, } DRAW_FILL;
- Draw circle: Draw a circle in the image buffer, using (X_Center Y_Center) as the center and Radius as the radius. You can configure the color, width of the line, and the style of the circle.
void Paint_DrawCircle(UWORD X_Center, UWORD Y_Center, UWORD Radius, UWORD Color, DOT_PIXEL Line_width, DRAW_FILL Draw_Fill) Parameter: X_Center: X-axis of center Y_Center: Y-axis of center Radius: radius of circle Color: Color of the circle Line_width: The width of arc, 8 sizes are available. typedef enum { DOT_PIXEL_1X1 = 1, // 1 x 1 DOT_PIXEL_2X2 , // 2 X 2 DOT_PIXEL_3X3 , // 3 X 3 DOT_PIXEL_4X4 , // 4 X 4 DOT_PIXEL_5X5 , // 5 X 5 DOT_PIXEL_6X6 , // 6 X 6 DOT_PIXEL_7X7 , // 7 X 7 DOT_PIXEL_8X8 , // 8 X 8 } DOT_PIXEL; Draw_Fill: Style of the circle: empty or filled. typedef enum { DRAW_FILL_EMPTY = 0, DRAW_FILL_FULL, } DRAW_FILL;
- Show Ascii character: Show a character in (Xstart, Ystart) position, you can configure the font, foreground and background.
void Paint_DrawChar(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, const char Ascii_Char, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of the character Ystart: Ystart of the character Ascii_Char: Ascii char Font: five fonts are available: font8:5*8 font12:7*12 font16:11*16 font20:14*20 font24:17*24 Color_Foreground: foreground color Color_Background: background color
- Draw string: Draw string at (Xstart Ystart) , you can configure the fonts, foreground, and the background
void Paint_DrawString_EN(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, const char * pString, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of the string Ystart: Ystart of the string pString:String Font: five fonts are available: font8:5*8 font12:7*12 font16:11*16 font20:14*20 font24:17*24的 Color_Foreground: foreground color Color_Background: background color
- Draw Chinese string: Draw Chinese string at (Xstart Ystart) of the image buffer. You can configure fonts (GB2312), foreground, and background.
void Paint_DrawString_CN(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, const char * pString, cFONT* font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of string Ystart: Ystart of string pString: string Font: GB2312 fonts, two fonts are available : font12CN:ascii 11*21,Chinese 16*21 font24CN:ascii 24*41,Chinese 32*41 Color_Foreground: Foreground color Color_Background: Background color
- Draw number: Draw numbers at (Xstart Ystart) of the image buffer. You can select font, foreground, and background.
void Paint_DrawNum(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, int32_t Nummber, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of numbers Ystart: Ystart of numbers Nummber: numbers displayed. It supports int type and 2147483647 is the maximum supported Font: Ascii fonts, five fonts are available: font8:5*8 font12:7*12 font16:11*16 font20:14*20 font24:17*24 Color_Foreground: Foregroud color Color_Background: Background color
- Draw float numbers: Draw float number at (Xstart Ystart) of image buffer, you can configure fonts, foreground, and background.
void Paint_DrawFloatNum(UWORD Xpoint, UWORD Ypoint, double Number, UBYTE Decimal_Point, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Foreground, UWORD Color_Background); Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of the number Ystart: Ystart of the number Nummber: The float number. Double type. Decimal_Point: The decimal number Font: Ascii fonts, five fonts are available.: font8:5*8 font12:7*12 font16:11*16 font20:14*20 font24:17*24 Color_Foreground: Foreground Color_Background: Background
- Display time: Display time at (Xstart Ystart) of the image buffer, you can configure fonts, foreground, and background.
void Paint_DrawTime(UWORD Xstart, UWORD Ystart, PAINT_TIME *pTime, sFONT* Font, UWORD Color_Background, UWORD Color_Foreground) Parameter: Xstart: Xstart of time Ystart: Ystart of time pTime: Structure of time Font: Ascii font, five fonts are available font8:5*8 font12:7*12 font16:11*16 font20:14*20 font24:17*24 Color_Foreground: Foreground Color_Background: Background
Resource
Drawing
Document
Examples
Development Software
Pico Quick Start
Download Firmware
- MicroPython Firmware Download
- C_Blink Firmware Download
Video Tutorial
- Pico Tutorial I - Basic Introduction
- Pico Tutorial II - GPIO
- Pico Tutorial III - PWM
- Pico Tutorial IV - ADC
- Pico Tutorial V - UART
- Pico Tutorial VI - To be continued...
Text Tutorial
Introduction
MicroPython Series
- 【MicroPython】 machine.Pin Function
- 【MicroPython】 machine.PWM Function
- 【MicroPython】 machine.ADC Function
- 【MicroPython】 machine.UART Function
- 【MicroPython】 machine.I2C Function
- 【MicroPython】 machine.SPI Function
- 【MicroPython】 rp2.StateMachine
C/C++ Series
Arduino IDE Series
Install Arduino IDE
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Download the Arduino IDE installation package from Arduino website.
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Just click on "JUST DOWNLOAD".
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Click to install after downloading.
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Note: You will be prompted to install the driver during the installation process, we can click Install.
Install Arduino-Pico Core on Arduino IDE
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Open Arduino IDE, click the File on the left corner and choose "Preferences".
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Add the following link in "Additional boards manager URLs", then click OK.
https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040_index.json
Note: If you already have the ESP32 board URL, you can separate the URLs with commas like this:https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json,https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040_index.json
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Click on Tools -> Board -> Board Manager -> Search for pico, it shows installed since my computer has already installed it.
Upload Demo At the First Time
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Press and hold the BOOTSET button on the Pico board, connect the Pico to the USB port of the computer via the Micro USB cable, and release the button when the computer recognizes a removable hard drive (RPI-RP2).
- Download the demo, open the D1-LED.ino under arduino\PWM\D1-LED path.
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Click Tools -> Port, remember the existing COM, do not need to click this COM (different computers show different COM, remember the existing COM on your computer).
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Connect the driver board to the computer with a USB cable, then click Tools -> Ports, select uf2 Board for the first connection, and after the upload is complete, connecting again will result in an additional COM port.
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Click Tools -> Board -> Raspberry Pi Pico/RP2040 -> Raspberry Pi Pico.
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After setting, click the right arrow to upload.
- If you encounter problems during the period, you need to reinstall or replace the Arduino IDE version, uninstall the Arduino IDE clean, after uninstalling the software you need to manually delete all the contents of the folder C:\Users\[name]\AppData\Local\Arduino15 (you need to show the hidden files in order to see it) and then reinstall.
Open Source Demo
- MicroPython Demo (GitHub)
- MicroPython Firmware/Blink Demo (C)
- Official Raspberry Pi C/C++ Demo
- Official Raspberry Pi MicroPython Demo
- Arduino Official C/C++ Demo
Support
Technical Support
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