5.65inch e-Paper Module (F)

600 x 448, 5.65inch EPD panel without driver board

Overview

Parameters

Dimensions	5.65inch
Driver Board Dimensions	138.5mm × 100.5mm
Display Dimensions	114.9mm × 85.8mm
Outline Dimensions (screen only)	125.4 × 99.5mm × 0.91mm
Operating Voltage	3.3V / 5V (5V is required for power and signal
Communication Interface	SPI
Dot Pitch	0.1915mm × 0.1915mm
Resolution	600 × 448
Display Color	Black, White, Green, Blue, Red, Yellow, Orange
Grey Scale	2
Refresh Time	<35s
Refresh Power	50mW（typ.）
Standby Current	< 0.01uA (almost 0)
Operation Temperature	15 ~ 35 ℃
Storage Temperature	-25 ~ 60 ℃

More

Refresh time: The refresh time is the experimental results, the actual refresh time will have errors, and the actual effect shall prevail. There will be a flickering effect during the global refresh process, this is a normal phenomenon.
Power consumption: The power consumption data is the experimental results. The actual power consumption will have a certain error due to the existence of the driver board and the actual use situation. The actual effect shall prevail.

Communication Method

CSB (CS): Slave chip selection signal, low active. When CS is low level, the chip is enabled.
SCL (SCK/SCLK): Serial clock signal.
D/C (DC): Data/Command control signal, writes commands at a low level; writes data/parameter at a high level.
SDA (DIN): Serial data signal.
Timing sequence: CPHL=0, CPOL=0 (that is, SPI mode 0).

Note: For specific information about SPI communication, you can search for information online.

Working Principle

This product is an e-Paper device adopting the image display technology of Microencapsulated Electrophoretic Display, MED. The basic principle is that the charged nanoparticles suspended in the liquid are subjected to the electric field to produce migration. The e-Paper screen display patterns by reflecting the ambient light, so it has no background light requirement. Under ambient light, the e-Paper screen still has high visibility with a wide viewing angle of almost 180 degrees. It is the ideal choice for e-reading.

Program Principle

For a computer, a picture is composed of pixels, and the space occupied by each pixel determines the possible state (color) of the pixel. The simplest black-and-white picture only occupies one bit per pixel. (1Bit), either 0 or 1, either black or white, as the color increases, each pixel takes up more and more space, eight bits, sixteen bits, twenty-four bits...
This module uses a non-standard 24-bit image. If you need to make your own image, please refer to the "Image Processing" chapter.
We define the pixels in a monochrome picture, 0 is black and 1 is white.
- White：□: Bit 1
- Black：■: Bit 0
The dot in the figure is called a pixel. As we know, 1 and 0 are used to define the color, therefore we can use one bit to define the color of one pixel and 1 byte = 8pixels.
Taking 16 pixels as an example, we assume that the first 8 pixels are black, and the last 8 pixels are white, so it can be considered that pixels 1-16 correspond to bits 0 to 15, 0 means black, 1 for white:

For a computer, its data storage method is high-order first, low-order later, and a byte has only 8 bits, so there will be a little change:

In this way, only 2 bytes are needed to represent 16 pixels.
Now suppose we have seven colors, so at least three bits of data are needed to represent all colors, but for the convenience of calculation, we add a 0 in front of it, that is, use four bits of data to represent the color of a pixel, such a byte (1Byte) Can represent two pixels. In fact, the controller of this module uses this method.

Color	BIN	HEX	The color (reference)
Black	0b0000	0x0
White	0b0001	0x1
Green	0b0010	0x2
Blue	0b0011	0x3
Red	0b0100	0x4
Yellow	0b0101	0x5
Orange	0b0110	0x6

Taking four pixels as an example, we assume that the colors of these four points are green, yellow, red, and orange. Combined with the above table, then the human logic is as follows:

Pixel	1				2				3				4
Bit	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
Data	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	0
Color

For a computer, its data storage method is high-order first, low-order later, and a byte has only eight bits, so it is stored in a byte like this:

Pixel	1				2				3				4
Bit	7	6	5	4	3	3	1	0	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
Data	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	0
Color
Byte	0x25								0x46

Precautions

For e-Paper displays that support partial refresh, please note that you cannot refresh them with the partial refresh mode all the time. After refreshing partially several times, you need to fully refresh EPD once. Otherwise, the display effect will be abnormal.
It is a normal phenomenon that the three-color or multi-color EPD will have a certain color difference in different batches. Hence, it is recommended to use the program to clear all the pictures on the EPD and store it facing up. Please clear the screen several times before powering on.
Note that the screen cannot be powered on for a long time. When the screen is not refreshed, please set the screen to sleep mode or power off it. Otherwise, the screen will remain in a high voltage state for a long time, which will damage the e-Paper and cannot be repaired!
When using the e-Paper display, it is recommended that the refresh interval be at least 180s, and refresh at least once every 24 hours. If the e-Paper is not used for a long time, you should use the program to clear the screen before storing it. (Refer to the datasheet for specific storage environment requirements.)

After the screen enters sleep mode, the sent image data will be ignored, and it can be refreshed normally only after initializing again.
Control the 0x3C or 0x50 (refer to the datasheet for details) register to adjust the border color. In the demo, you can adjust the Border Waveform Control register or VCOM AND DATA INTERVAL SETTING to set the border.
If you find that the created image data is displayed incorrectly on the screen, it is recommended to check whether the image size setting is correct, change the width and height settings of the image and try again.
The working voltage of the e-Paper display is 3.3V. If you buy the raw panel, you need to add a level convert circuit for compatibility with 5V voltage. The new version of the driver board (V2.1 and subsequent versions) has added a level processing circuit, which can support both 3.3V and 5V. The old version only supports a 3.3V working environment. You can confirm the version before using it. (The version number is under the board name.)
The FPC cable of the screen is fragile, Please note: Do not bend the cable along the vertical direction of the screen to avoid tearing the cable; Do not repeatedly excessive bending the cable, to avoid the cable fracture; Do not bend the cable toward the front of the screen to avoid the cable from being disconnected from the panel. It is recommended to use fixed wiring during debugging and development.
The screen of e-Paper is relatively fragile, please try to avoid dropping, bumping and pressing hard.
We recommend that customers use the sample program provided by us to test with the corresponding development board.

Picture Processing

Picture production and conversion of multi-color E-ink.

Picture Production

Preparation

Required software: Adobe PhotoShop CC, Painting

Introduction

Floyd-Steinberg dithering algorithm is very suitable for showing rich layering where the number of colors is small. It makes it possible to get more color combinations for better shadow rendering of the original image. It is especially suitable for various usage scenarios of e-ink screens.
The following will introduce how to convert ordinary pictures into Floyd-Steinberg scatter plots.
If you are interested in the actual algorithm, you can read about our algorithm porting on ESP32 and ESP8266. Here, no further elaboration will be given.

Operating Steps

Preparation: Download color sheet to PC, and unzip to get the file as shown below, we are going to use "N-color.act" or "4-color.act".

1. The new Photoshop project sets the width and height according to the actual resolution of the e-Paper display, the color mode uses RGB. The resolution of this module is 800*480. Change the width to 800 pixels and the height to 480 pixels.

2. Prepare the corresponding picture, copy it into the project, and adjust the parameters such as size and contrast (similar to the steps for processing pictures in general Photoshop).

3. Select File -> Export -> Save for Web (Legacy).

4. Select the color table as shown below. Load the color table provided in Preparation.

5. For seven-color pictures, load N-color. act, then click Save and save as a gif file. Then convert it into BMP format and use it on this module.
For four-color images, load 4-color. act, then click Save and save as a gif file. Then convert it into BMP format and use it on this module.
For six-color images, load 6-color. act, then click Save and save as a gif file. Then convert it into BMP format and use it on this module.

6. Open the gif file with Paint and save it as a 24-bit BMP image.

7. By now, the color picture available for this module has been made, and it can be put into the TF card of the Raspberry Pi or e-Paper Shield module for use, or refer to the next section to convert to an array for use by other embedded devices.

Image Data Conversion

Download the Program

Four color image conversion application: Coverterto4color
Six color image conversion application: ConverterTo6color
Seven color image conversion application: Converterto7color
Source code: Convertertocolor

Note: This application is provided for your convenience and open source. Our company does not provide technical support for it.

Bug Fixing

If your computer is running on the Win10/Win11 system and doesn't have Microsoft Visual Studio or any other Microsoft development tools installed, you may encounter error prompts: "ucrtbased.dll" and "vcruntime 140d.dll".
This indicates that your computer lacks these two components. Here's the solution:

Install VS (Microsoft Visual Studio) or other Microsoft development tools (such as Visual C++ Redistributable).
Use the file we provide:

Place these two files into the directory C:\Windows\System32, then restart your computer.

How to Convert

Put the prepared picture and the corresponding "exe" application in the same folder, and you can put multiple pictures at the same time.
Drag and drop the picture in the "exe" file, and the program will convert the picture into a ".c" file with a fixed name.
Double-click the "cmd" file, and the program will convert all the pictures in the folder that meet the size to generate ".c" files with the corresponding names.
Click on the image to see the demonstration.
- Four-color single-image demonstration:

- Four-color multi-picture demonstration:

- Seven-color single-picture demonstration:

- Seven-color multi-picture demonstration:

Working With Raspberry Pi

Hardware Connection

When connecting the Raspberry Pi, you can directly insert the board into the 40PIN pin header of the Raspberry Pi, and pay attention to the correct pins.
If you choose to connect with an 8PIN cable, please refer to the pin correspondence table below:

Raspberry Pi Pinout
e-Paper	Raspberry Pi
e-Paper	BCM2835	Board
VCC	3.3V	3.3V
GND	GND	GND
DIN	MOSI	19
CLK	SCLK	23
CS	CE0	24
DC	25	22
RST	17	11
BUSY	24	18

Enable SPI Interface

Open the Raspberry Pi terminal and enter the following command in the config interface:

sudo raspi-config
Choose Interfacing Options -> SPI -> Yes Enable SPI interface

Then reboot your Raspberry Pi:

sudo reboot

Check /boot/config.txt, and you can see 'dtparam=spi=on' was written in.

To make sure SPI is not occupied, it is recommended to close other drivers' coverage. You can use ls /dev/spi* to check whether SPI is occupied. If the terminal outputs /dev/spidev0.1 and /dev/spidev0.1, SPI is not occupied.

C

Install lg library

#Open the Raspberry Pi terminal and run the following commands: 
wget https://github.com/joan2937/lg/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
cd lg-master
make
sudo make install
#For more details, you can refer to the source code: https://github.com/gpiozero/lg

Install gpiod library (Optional)

#Open the Raspberry Pi terminal and run the following commands: 
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install gpiod libgpiod-dev

Install BCM2835

#Open the Raspberry Pi terminal and run the following command
wget http://www.airspayce.com/mikem/bcm2835/bcm2835-1.71.tar.gz
tar zxvf bcm2835-1.71.tar.gz
cd bcm2835-1.71/
sudo ./configure && sudo make && sudo make check && sudo make install
# For more information, please refer to the official website: http://www.airspayce.com/mikem/bcm2835/

Install WiringPi (Optional)

#Open the Raspberry Pi terminal and run the following command:
sudo apt-get install wiringpi
#For Raspberry Pi systems after May 2019 (earlier than before, you may not need to execute), you may need to upgrade:
wget https://project-downloads.drogon.net/wiringpi-latest.deb
sudo dpkg -i wiringpi-latest.deb
gpio -v
#Run gpio -v and version 2.52 will appear. If it does not appear, the installation is wrong.

#Bullseye branch system use the following command:
git clone https://github.com/WiringPi/WiringPi
cd WiringPi
./build
gpio -v
# Run gpio -v and version 2.60 will appear. If it does not appear, it means that there is an installation error.

Download the demo via GitHub (You can skip this step if you have downloaded it.)

git clone https://github.com/waveshare/e-Paper.git
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Download the demo (You can skip this step if you have downloaded it.)

wget https://files.waveshare.com/upload/7/71/E-Paper_code.zip
unzip E-Paper_code.zip -d e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Alternate method of decompression:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
7z x E-Paper_code.zip -O./e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Compile the demo (Note: -j4 is to compile with 4 threads, the numbers can be modified by yourself; EPD=epd5in65f is to specify a macro definition, and epd5in65f corresponds to the test demo in the main function).

# Now at e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano
cd c
sudo make clean
sudo make -j4 EPD=epd5in65f

Run the demo

sudo ./epd

Python

Install the function library:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo apt-get install python3-pil
sudo apt-get install python3-numpy
sudo pip3 install spidev

Install function library (python2):

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo apt-get install python-pil
sudo apt-get install python-numpy
sudo pip install spidev

Install gpiozero library (it is installed in the system by default, if not, you can install it by following the commands below)

sudo apt-get update
# python3
sudo apt install python3-gpiozero
# python2
sudo apt install python-gpiozero

Download the demo via GitHub (You can skip this step if you have downloaded it.)

git clone https://github.com/waveshare/e-Paper.git
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Download the demo (You can skip this step if you have downloaded it.)

wget https://files.waveshare.com/upload/7/71/E-Paper_code.zip
unzip E-Paper_code.zip -d e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Alternate method of decompression:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
7z x E-Paper_code.zip -O./e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Run the demo:

# Make sure it's in e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/
cd python/examples/
python3 epd_5in65f_test.py

Working With Arduino

Hardware Connection

Use an 8PIN cable to connect, please refer to the pin correspondence table below:

Connect To Arduino
e-Paper	Arduino UNO	Mega2560
VCC	5V	5V
GND	GND	GND
DIN	D11	D51
CLK	D13	D52
CS	D10	D10
DC	D9	D9
RST	D8	D8
BUSY	D7	D7

Install IDE

Arduino IDE Windows Install Guide

Run The Demo

Download the demo in Resource, unzip it to the "E-Paper_code" directory, and you can see the following content:

Open the test demo: E-Paper_code\Arduino\epd5in65f\epd5in65f.ino

Select the corresponding Board and Port in the Tools in the Arduino IDE.

Finally, click upload, the upload is successful as follows (Arduino 1.8.13).

Working With Jetson Nano

Hardware Connection

The 40PIN pin of Jetson Nano is compatible with the 40PIN pin of Raspberry Pi and provides a Jetson.GPIO library with the same API as the RPI.GPIO library of Raspberry Pi, so the serial number connected here is the same as that of Raspberry Pi. The module can be directly inserted into the 40Pin headers of the Jetson Nano when using the 40PIN interface.
If you choose to connect with an 8PIN cable, please refer to the pin correspondence table below:

Connect to Jetson nano
e-Paper	Jetson Nano Developer Kit
e-Paper	BCM2835	Board
VCC	3.3V	3.3V
GND	GND	GND
DIN	10 (SPI0_MOSI)	19
CLK	11 (SPI0_SCK)	23
CS	8 (SPI0_CS0)	24
DC	25	22
RST	17	11
BUSY	24	18

C

Download the demo via GitHub (you can skip this step if you have downloaded it.)

git clone https://github.com/waveshare/e-Paper.git
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Download the test demo: (you can skip this step if you have downloaded it.)

wget https://files.waveshare.com/upload/7/71/E-Paper_code.zip
unzip E-Paper_code.zip -d e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Alternate method of decompression:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
7z x E-Paper_code.zip -O./e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Compile the demo (Note: JETSON is the specified device, and RPI is not specified by default. -j4 is to compile by 4 threads, and the number can be changed by yourself. "EPD=epd5in65f " is to specify a macro definition, and "epd5in65f" corresponds to the test demo in the main function.)

# Now at e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano
cd c
sudo make clean
sudo make JETSON -j4 EPD=epd5in65f

Run the demo:

sudo ./epd

Python

Install function library:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3-numpy
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo pip3 install Jetson.GPIO

Download the demo via GitHub (you can skip this step if you have downloaded it):

git clone https://github.com/waveshare/e-Paper.git
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Download the demo (you can skip this step if you have downloaded it):

wget https://files.waveshare.com/upload/7/71/E-Paper_code.zip
unzip E-Paper_code.zip -d e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Alternate method of decompression:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
7z x E-Paper_code.zip -O./e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Run the demo:

# Make sure it's in e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/
cd python/examples/
python3 epd_5in65f_test.py

Working With Sunrise X3 Pi

Hardware Connection

When connecting the Sunrise X3 Pi, you can directly insert the board into the 40PIN pin header of the Sunrise X3 Pi, and pay attention to the correct pins.
If you choose to connect with an 8PIN cable, please refer to the pin correspondence table below:

Connect to Sunrise X3 Pi
e-Paper	Sunrise X3 Pi
e-Paper	BCM	Board
VCC	3.3V	3.3V
GND	GND	GND
DIN	MOSI	19
CLK	SCLK	23
CS	CE0	24
DC	25	22
RST	17	11
BUSY	24	18

Enable SPI

SPI is enabled by default. If you have disabled it, you can enable it by following the steps below.
Enter the command: sudo srpi-config

Python

The corresponding library has been installed in the function. If you uninstall it accidentally, please use the following command to install it.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo apt-get install python-pil
sudo apt-get install python-numpy
sudo pip install Hobot.GPIO
sudo pip install spidev

Download the demo via GitHub (skip this step if you have downloaded it):

git clone https://github.com/waveshare/e-Paper.git
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Download the demo (skip this step if you have downloaded it):

wget https://files.waveshare.com/upload/7/71/E-Paper_code.zip
unzip E-Paper_code.zip -d e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Alternate method of decompression:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
7z x E-Paper_code.zip -O./e-Paper
cd e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/

Run the demo:

# Make sure you are in e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/
cd python/examples/
python3 epd_5in65f_test.py

Working With STM32

Hardware Connection

Connect to STM32
e-Paper	STM32
VCC	3.3V
GND	GND
DIN	PA7
CLK	PA5
CS	PA4
DC	PA2
RST	PA1
BUSY	PA3

Run The Program

Click to download the demo, and then unzip it into the E-Paper_code directory to see the following content.

Use Keil to open epd-demo.uvprojx in the E-Paper_code\STM32\STM32-F103ZET6\MDK-ARM directory.
Open Keil's compilation toolbar (usually already open).

Select the EPD_5in65f_test at the location shown in the picture.

Click to compile.

Make sure the appropriate programmer is connected, then click LOAD to download the demo to the microcontroller.

ESP32/8266

ESP32

There is a lot of content, please click here to view.

ESP8266

There is a lot of content, please click here to view.

Resources

Documentation

Demo code

Development Resources

Related Resources

Raspberry Pi Documentation

FAQ

Questions about Software

Question:The Raspberry Pi runs the Python demo and the following occurs?

Answer:

Enter the command: ls /dev/spi*.
The result may appear as shown in the figure.

This is because the SPI interface is occupied in the /boot/config.txt file.

Steps:
- Delete the occupation of spi0-0 in the /boot/config.txt file.
- Modify the location shown in the picture in the /e-Paper/RaspberryPi_JetsonNano/lib/waveshare_epd/epdconfig.py file and change it to 0,1.

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Question:STM32 drives the e-Paper screen, the MDK compilation display space is not enough?

Answer:

Our demo uses STM32f103ZET6. If the customer modifies other models in MDK, such as STM32F103RBT6, the RAM space becomes smaller, and the stack size and heap size in the startup file need to be modified on the original basis.

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Question:Questions about data sheet. When does the font transmit Data Start Transmission 1, and when does it use Data Start Transmission 2?

Answer:

When transmitting B/W data, use Data Start Transmission 1; When transmitting RED data, use Data Start Transmission 2.

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Question:e-Paper shows black border?

Answer:

The border display color can be set through the Border Waveform Control register or the VCOM AND DATA INTERVAL SETTING register.

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Question:After multiple positions are partially refreshed, the font is lighter after refreshing several times?

Answer:

In this case, the customer needs to reduce the position of the partial refresh and clear the screen after 5 rounds of partial refreshing (increasing the voltage of VCOM can improve the color, but it will increase the afterimage).

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Question:When the e-Paper screen is in deep sleep mode, there will be a problem that the screen refresh will not be clean when it wakes up for the first time. How can I solve it?

Answer:

The process of re-awakening the e-Paper screen is actually the process of re-powering. Therefore, when the EPD wakes up, the screen must be cleared first, so as to avoid the afterimage phenomenon to the greatest extent.

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Question:When testing the program, the program has been stuck in e-Paper busy?

Answer:

It may be caused by the unsuccessful SPI driver.
- 1. First check whether the wiring is correct.
- 2. Check whether the SPI is enabled and whether the parameters are configured correctly (SPI baud rate, SPI mode and other parameters).

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Question:Why can't the image be displayed when full refreshing after partial refreshing?

Answer:

The full refresh initialization function needs to be added when the e-Paper screen is switched from partial refresh to full refresh.

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Question:Why is the printing information normal when running a Python program, but the e-Paper screen does not respond?

Answer:

It may be a demo based on the BCM2835 library that has run the C language before. At this time, you need to restart the Raspberry Pi and then run the Python demo.

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Question:ImportError: No module named Image?

Answer:

Install the imaging library using the command "sudo apt-get install python-imaging".

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Questions about Hardware

Question:Can Arduino 5V drive the e-Paper?

Answer:

Yes, now there is a level conversion chip onboard, supporting a 5V drive.

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Question:What should be paid attention to when designing the driver board?

Answer:

The rated input voltage of the e-Paper screen is 2.3~3.6V. If it is a 5V system, level conversion is required. In addition, the voltage should not be lower than 2.5V, so as not to affect the display effect of the e-Paper screen.
Device selection can use the model in the schematic diagram we provide or choose according to the datasheet.

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Question:Can I use analog SPI?

Answer:

Yes, pay attention to the correct timing.

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Question:Why is the BUSY pin always busy?

Answer:

Check if SPI communication is normal.
Confirm whether the BUSY pin is normally initialized to input mode.
It may be that there is no normal reset, try to shorten the duration of the low level during reset (because the power-off switch is added to the drive circuit, the reset low level is too long, which will cause the drive board to power off and cause the reset to fail).
If the busy function sends the 0x71 command, you can try to comment it out.

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Question:What is the specification of the screen cable interface?

Answer:

1.64inch, 2.36inch, 3inch, 0.5mm pitch, 26Pin.
1.02inch, 0.5mm pitch, 30Pin.
4.37inch, 7.3inch, 0.5mm pitch, 50Pin.
The rest (non-parallel ports) are 0.5mm pitch, 24Pin.

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Question:What type of connector does the e-Paper screen use?

Answer:

Cable socket 0.5-XXpin rear-flip 2.0H (FPC connector).

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Questions about Screen

Question:What is the usage environment of the e-Paper screen?

Answer:

【Working conditions】Temperature range: 0~40°C (seven-color screen: 15~35°C); Humidity range: 35%~65%RH.
【Storage conditions】Temperature range: below 30°C; Humidity range: below 55%RH; Maximum storage time: 6 months.
【Transportation conditions】Temperature range: -25~50°C; Maximum transportation time: 10 days.
【After unpacking】Temperature range: 20°C±5°C; Humidity range: 50±5%RH; Maximum storage time: Assemble within 72 hours.

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Question:Precautions for e-Paper screen refresh?

Answer:

Refresh mode
- Full refresh: The e-Paper screen will flicker several times during the refresh process (the number of flickers depends on the refresh time), and the flicker is to remove the afterimage to achieve the best display effect.
- Partial refresh: The e-Paper screen has no flickering effect during the refresh process. Users who use the partial refreshing function note that after refreshing several times, a full refresh operation should be performed to remove the residual image, otherwise the residual image problem will become more and more serious, or even damage the screen (currently only some black and white e-Paper screens support partial refreshing, please refer to product page description).
Refresh rate
- During use, it is recommended that customers set the refresh interval of the e-Paper screen to at least 180 seconds (except for products that support the partial refresh function).
- During the standby process (that is, after the refresh operation), it is recommended that the customer set the e-Paper screen to sleep mode, or power off (the power supply part of the e-Paper screen can be disconnected with an analog switch) to reduce power consumption and prolong the life of the e-Paper screen. (If some e-Paper screens are powered on for a long time, the screen will be damaged beyond repair.)
- During the use of the three-color e-Paper screen, it is recommended that customers update the display screen at least once every 24 hours (if the screen remains the same screen for a long time, there will be a screen burn that is difficult to repair).
Usage Environment
- The e-Paper displays are recommended for indoor use and not for outdoor use.
- If the usage scenario is outdoors, we do not guarantee the display effect. If the e-Paper screen is damaged due to outdoor use, we do not provide warranty service.
- Here are some protective measures for outdoor use, but we do not guarantee that the e-Paper screen will function normally even after taking these precautions:
  - Avoid exposing the e-Paper screen to direct sunlight and ensure UV protection. Prolonged exposure to strong light can dry out the charged particles, rendering them inactive and unable to refresh, which is irreversible.
  - Completely cover the white glue part of the e-Paper screen's connection ribbon with 3M tape. Complete coverage and no coverage show different effects under UV light.
  - Place the e-Paper screen in relatively shaded areas, such as under trees or the shadow of eaves.
- When designing e-Paper screen products, customers should ensure that the usage environment meets the requirements of the e-Paper screen.

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Question:What is the refresh rate/lifetime of the e-Paper screen?

Answer:

Ideally, with normal use, it can be refreshed 1,000,000 times (1 million times).

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Question:After using for a while, the screen refresh (full refresh) has a serious afterimage problem that cannot be repaired?

Answer:

Power on the development board for a long time, after each refresh operation, it is recommended to set the screen to sleep mode or directly power off, otherwise, the screen may burn out when the screen is in a high voltage state for a long time.

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Question:After the e-Paper screen enters deep sleep mode, can it be refreshed again?

Answer:

Yes, but you need to re-initialize the electronic paper with software.

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Question:Why is the image displayed offset?

Answer:

Maybe the SPI rate is too high, resulting in data loss, try to reduce the SPI rate.
Insufficient or unstable power supply leads to data loss.
The data cable is so long to cause data loss, the extension cable should not exceed 20cm.

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Question:What is the waveform file of the e-Paper screen and what does it do?

Answer:

The display gray scale of electrophoretic electronic paper is determined by the spatial position of the particles in the Microcapsule or Microcup. The electrophoresis phenomenon occurs between black particles and white particles under the action of voltage. This voltage sequence that promotes the electrophoretic movement of the particles is the driving waveform of the electronic paper. The driving waveform is the core part of the electronic paper display, and the optimization of the driving waveform will directly affect the display effect of the display. The driving waveform file is used to describe the parameters formed by the voltage sequence that promotes the electrophoretic movement of the particles, and it needs to be called regularly when the electronic paper is refreshed.
For different batches of e-Paper diaphragms, electrophoretic matrices require different voltage values when driving the display due to materials, manufacturing processes, etc. The waveform of the e-Paper screen is reflected in the relationship between grayscale, voltage and temperature. Generally speaking, after each batch of electrophoresis matrix is generated, there will be a corresponding waveform file in the form of a .wbf file. The film manufacturer will provide the waveform file and electrophoresis matrix to the manufacturer of the e-Paper screen, and then the manufacturer of the e-Paper screen integrates the protection board, substrate and driver and then provides it to customers; if the waveform file does not correspond to the screen, it is likely that the display cannot be displayed or the display effect is unsatisfactory. Generally, the waveform file has OTP built into the driver IC of the e-Paper screen when leaving the factory, and some programs we provide also called external waveform files to drive the e-Paper screen.

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Question: What do LUT and OTP stand for?

Answer:

LUT is the abbreviation of LOOK UP TABLE, and OTP is the abbreviation of ONE TIME PROGRAM. The original intention of LUT is to load waveform files, and the waveform files are divided into OTP and REGISTER. Among them, OTP is the built-in waveform storage method, and REGISTER is the external waveform storage method.

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Question:What is the process of partial refreshing?

Answer:

There are mainly two types of e-Paper screens.
- One is to refresh the background image first.
- The other is to alternately refresh old data and new data.

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Question:How to partially refresh in different positions at the same time?

Answer:

Simultaneous partial refreshing in different locations needs to be operated in the program design, that is, first refreshing the data of different locations into the electronic paper IC, and finally doing the Update/TurnOnDisplay uniformly.

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Question: Does the three-color e-Paper have a red/yellow color difference?

Answer:

Yes, when the e-Paper is batched, there will be some color difference, which is a normal phenomenon. Store the e-Paper faces up to reduce the reddish/yellowishness to a certain extent.

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Question: Are bare screens shipped with a film?

Answer:

With film.

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Question: Does e-Paper have a built-in temperature sensor?

Answer:

At present, all screens have built-in temperature sensors, and you can also use IIC pins external LM75 temperature sensor.

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5.65inch e-Paper Module (F) Manual

Overview

Parameters

Communication Method

Working Principle

Program Principle

Precautions

Picture Processing

Picture Production

Preparation

Introduction

Operating Steps

Image Data Conversion

Download the Program

Bug Fixing

How to Convert

Working With Raspberry Pi

Hardware Connection

Enable SPI Interface

C

Python

Working With Arduino

Hardware Connection

Install IDE

Run The Demo

Working With Jetson Nano

Hardware Connection

C

Python

Working With Sunrise X3 Pi

Hardware Connection

Enable SPI

Python

Working With STM32

Hardware Connection

Run The Program

ESP32/8266

ESP32

ESP8266

Resources

Documentation

Demo code

Development Resources

Related Resources

FAQ

Questions about Software

Questions about Hardware

Questions about Screen

Support